Extraction Of Essential Oils By Steam Distillation

A macroscale direct method for steam distillation is also used to extract the essential oil which is composed primarily of trans cinnamaldehyde from the cinnamon spice.

The hot steam helps to release the aromatic molecules from the plant material since the steam forces open the pockets in which the oils are kept in the plant material. Steam distillation is a technique that permits you to extract essential oils from plant material by transporting the essential oils through water vapor. Steam distillation is used in the extraction of essential oil from the plant material. Steam distillation is the most common method of extracting essential oils.

Steam distillation is the most widely used method for the extraction of essential oils and isolation of petroleum components. Which are insoluble in water and may decompose at their boiling point. Proper selection of the distillation technique play a vital role in determining the quality and yield of end products. Steam distillation is done in a still the still is tall with a head and a well insulated swan s neck preceded by a mechanism to prevent fumes and impurities passing through.

Steam distillation is the most popular method used to extract and isolate essential oils from plants for use in natural products. Steam distillation is a process used for the recovery of volatile compounds with high boiling point from inert and complex matrices solid or liquid using saturated or superheated steam as separation and energy agent cerpa et al 2008. This happens when the steam vaporizes the plant material s volatile compounds which eventually go through a condensation and collection process. In this method the steam is generated in situ by heating the ground dry spice material and water in the distillation flask figure 2.

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This extractive technique is based on the volatile physical properties of essential oils which means that oil is easily vaporized and carried away by the water vapor. Steam distillation the method used in this lab for essential oil extraction takes advantage of the volatility of a compound to evaporate when heated with steam and the hydrophobicity of the compound to separate into an oil phase during condensation. When steam distillation is used in the manufacture and extraction of essential oils the botanical material is placed in a still and steam is forced over the material. Fresh or sometimes dried botanical material is placed in a closed container.

Several different extraction techniques are widely employed for the extraction of essential oils such as steam distillation and solvent extraction.